Data Analysis in Class Action Lawsuits and Multi-District Litigation

From basic discovery with Plaintiff Fact Sheets toefficiency of data analysis, decrease the
post-settlement Proof of Claim Forms, dataassociated costs of analysis, increase the
analysis provides fact based evidential support,accuracy of the analysis, thus increasing the
ensures complete information for each plaintiff,speed of linear fact based evidential support, the
enables the integration of interactive forecastidentification of sub-classes, exploring
models, allows for the identification of sub-classes,multi-dimensional observations, and the integration
provides multi-dimensional observations of data,of interactive forecast models.
supports quality control, and is the backbone ofLinear Facts
quality assurance. Any given class action,On a base level, the information collected during
multi-district litigation, or mass tort can collectthe early stages of a class action can be used in a
anywhere from hundreds to millions of Plaintiffstraight forward manner such as the quantity of
Fact Sheets (PFS) (aka Plaintiff Profile Formsclaims with "X" symptom or percent of claims
(PPF), Client Information Sheets (CIS), and/orwith "X" symptom. This base level of information
Proof of Claim Forms (POC)) containing from theis referred to as linear fact based evidential
most basic information to some of the mostsupport and is useful in directing the focus, tempo,
detailed and personal aspects of a plaintiff's life.and further analysis for the case. The usefulness
With Fact Sheets reaching into the tens of pagesof linear facts is largely dependent upon the
per plaintiff and potentially hundreds of pagescomplexity of the case and the inclusion of other
more in attachments per plaintiff, it can be easylimiting factors surrounding the case. As cases
to become overwhelmed by the informationalbecome more complex, diverse, or
overload, though this information can make ormulti-dimensional, a more advanced approach to
break your case!data analysis is required.
The role of data analysis in class action lawsuitsIdentification of Sub-Classes
has surfaced to reveal the true potential ofThe identification of sub-classes is often used
information collected to benefit both the defensewhen plaintiff health or location are factors in the
and plaintiff sides of any class. Since both sidescase. For instance, a sub-class can be identified
are out to prove a point, the use of intense databased on the quantity or severity of health issues
analysis in association with customized datarelated to a case and affects the final settlement
management solutions allow both basic andamounts paid by each subclass as in the following
complex trends to be found out and graphicallyexample. Manufacturer "A" was found to have
represented to the court. It is one thing to sayless related health issues and less severe health
there are "X" amount of each symptom type, itissues for its "Defective Product" than
is another thing entirely too visually display themanufacturer "B", thus the monetary
symptoms by subclass, location, or severity forcompensation for settlement from manufacturer
the court to see a clear image of the size or"A" might include a smaller value placed on health
magnitude of the situation at hand.compensation though retain a similar value for
The benefits to class attorneys who utilized datareplacement costs as that of manufacturer "B".
analysis services range by type of class action,An example of a location based subclass might
but common benefits can be seen throughout allrelate to the deterioration or safety of a product
case types. Such benefits include the basics ofbased on the region the product was used or
tracking plaintiffs, plaintiff complaints, documentsinstalled whereas climate and weather conditions
related to each plaintiff, and the general quantities,could intensify or slow down the product's failure
averages, and general locations of the plaintiffs;rate.
however, more advanced benefits can be realizedMulti-Dimensional Observations
by utilizing a professional data analyst. SuchMulti-dimensional observations can be used to
advanced benefits could include multi-dimensionalintensify scrutiny of a sub-class to either relieve
observations; interactive forecast models basedthe subclass from liability or to increase the
on specific location or type; data preparation andperceived liability of the group. Expanding upon the
incorporation into court presentations; andexample above, let's say that Manufacturer "A"
graphical representations of plaintiff groups bywith failed products in locations "1", "2", and "3"
type, location, attorney, and so on as thehad less severe health issues than in location "4"
captured information allows.indicating that location may have played a
Comprehensive Informationsignificant role in the severity of health issues,
The first and most important concept in datathus excluding or limiting the impact of said health
analysis is the necessity of comprehensiveconditions in the suit and implying an externality
information. When information is lacking, aexists in location "4" to cause the more severe
thorough analysis is not possible or certainly farhealth issues. To uncover the most beneficial
more difficult, time consuming, and less accurate,multi-dimensional observations, such as those
which is why your class action data managementabove, you will require the services of a
system should contain a strong integratedprofessional data analyst with the experience and
deficiency curing process. The deficiency curingtechnical capabilities to make a logical hypothesis
process (when properly implemented) will allowwhich can be tested and proven with the data
your agents to quickly eliminate holes in plaintiffcollected.
information enabling analysis to ensue.Interactive Forecast Models
Data QualityIn complex cases, an interactive forecast model is
The quality of the data needs to be addresseda powerful tool utilized by the settlement decision
both before the Plaintiff Fact Sheet (or othermakers to allow them to project the exposure,
form) is created and throughout the dataseverity, and effect of the proposed conditions of
collection process. Without high quality dataa settlement. These models, when designed
(standardized data formats), the more complexproperly, can allow scenarios to quickly be
and often more beneficial analysis cannot occur.explored, allowing for hyper-productive
Non-standardized datasets complicate and oftenmanagement meetings where scenarios are
negate many of the benefits sought through classtested within the active settlement terms
actions, mass torts, and multi-district litigationsdiscussions.
forcing plaintiff information to be reviewedConclusion
individually instead of on the whole.The role of data analysis in Class actions,
Data quality can be quickly reviewed from anMass-Torts, and Multi-District Litigations is
analytical standpoint using advanced and oftenextremely important, but the success of the
custom data analysis techniques. These techniquesanalysis is dependent upon two key elements, the
can vary greatly depending upon the type ofquality of the data and the ability of your analyst.
information being collected, the quantity of filesRemember, the better the analysis and the more
being reviewed, and the extent of the dataadvanced the analysis the more there is an
management system's built in quality controlopportunity to present compelling case altering
features. Strong techniques will increase thefacts.