Credit Spreads Provide Income at Reduced Risk

The options market is definitely an exciting one.worth just $220. With 3 contracts, that would be
Not only can knowledgeable investors reduce thea loss of $6,000. Ouch.
risks associated with their current portfolios, butBuy Lower Priced Put Option
they can generate a decent amount of incomeOne way to reduce that risk is to purchase a
through many other strategies, particularly whenprotective put at, say, $230 in this example. So, in
volatility is high and the investor implements ankeeping with the illustration, if Apple were to drop
options strategy that will be financially beneficial.to $220, the trader's risk would end at $230. So
Of course, there are many different ways anwhile $1,050 was generated in income, the trader
options trader can generate safe income, but onewould have to buy shares valued at $220 for
of the safest with limited risk potential is the$240, generating a loss of $6,000, or $4,950
credit spread position. Ultimately, the risk is limitedwhen you strip away the $1,050 earned originally.
while the income can be decent (but also limited).However, since the trader owns the $230 put,
The credit spread allows an options trader tothose same shares worth $220 could be sold for
write (sell) a put option and simultaneously buy a$230, generating a gain of $3,000. This reduces
lower-priced put option. The difference in price willthe total loss on the transaction to $1,950.
be the maximum potential return. Risk is limitedHow This Makes Sense
because if the share falls below the lower-pricedThis strategy makes sense if one can statistically
option, the option holder's position has beensupport that Apple will not drop below the higher
covered. Let's take a closer look at the twopriced option. But, since markets behave
different options.erratically at times, buying the lower priced put
Sell Higher Priced Put Optionoption helps reduce the potential risks. Likewise, if
Let's look at Apple. At a price of, say, $260, aone were to own 300 shares of Apple at $260
credit spread might involve selling the $240 put atand watch the value drop to $220, the loss would
$3.50. At 3 contracts, the income generated fromactually be $12,000; using the credit spread
the sale, excluding commissions, would be $1,050strategy outlined here would yield a loss of
with roughly 21 days to expiry. Not amount of$1,950, still substantial, but not as devastating as
income for 3 weeks. However, the risk is thatholding the underlying shares.
shares could drop to $220, in which case theInvestors who want to invest in options are well
options writer (the person selling this higher pricedadvised to take only calculated risks and should
option) would have to pay $240 for a stockseek professional advice whenever they trade.