Components of a Data Warehouse Architecture - Part 3, The Inmon Approach

In parts 1 & 2 of this article series, weliterature as 'dependent data mart' approach,
described the staging area of a data warehousegiven that the data marts depend on the
architecture and the presentation area according'Enterprise Data warehouse'. According to Inmon,
to the Kimball approach. In the present article wethe development of independent data marts
shall describe the presentation area of the data(which are fed directly from operational systems)
warehouse, according to the Inmon approach.creates information silos which are uncoupled, do
The Inmon approach (marketed as Corporatenot assure the single version of truth and do not
Information Factory) involves the holistic view ofallow the combined information analysis. Moreover,
the Enterprise and its informational needs. FirstInmon asserts that the existence of many
implementation step, according to this approach, isindependent data marts increases the staging
the design of the Enterprise data model,area complexity (this assertion assumes that
supporting all its activities with completeness anddatamarts are unconnected).
sufficient detail (('atomic data model'). This is notThe Inmon approach has received criticism
any existing database model, but an abstractfocused on the following:
model of the information, actually used by the- The design method of the abstract Enterprise
Enterprise. The data model of the so called'data model' is not clarified, given that in most
'Enterprise Data warehouse' is designed based oncases information use is not standardised nor
this abstract model. Data are extracted from alldocumented. The concept of the Enterprise 'data
operational systems and other sources and themodel' is abstract and unclear, therefore it is
unique 'Enterprise Data warehouse' is updateddifficult to design such a model which can reflect
through an ETL process (as described in Part 1).successfully the reality for a long term period. The
Moreover, implementation of an integratedargument is further enforced by the fact that the
operational database, covering all the Enterprise, isbusiness environment is rapidly changing in many
proposed if operational systems are notmarkets.
integrated. This is known as an Operational Data- one-off development of the information model
Store (ODS), and has a dual role:does not follow the general principle for
· Serving operational processesphased-iterative development supported by post
· Support operational reporting &implementation review of each phase.
decision making. If an ODS is developed, it- it is a high risk approach, since it requires high
becomes the primary source of the Enterpriseinvestment in money and time for the design of
Datawarehouse. In that way, the implementationthe data model and the development of the
of ETL (extraction-transformation-loading)Enterprise Data warehouse-EDW) which covers all
streams from multiple data sources is avoided.the needs of the Enterprise. This argument is
According to the Inmon approach, data martscountered by suggesting a phased implementation
should be 'fed' exclusively from the 'Enterpriseof the EDW, dealing in each phase with one or
Data warehouse', in order to assure the singlefew enterprise subject areas.
version of truth. This approach is known in the